MultiEducator · US States
HistoryCentral Est. 1996
CA31st
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flag — California
US States · The West

California

The Golden State · Capital: Sacramento

The most populous state in the nation and, on its own, one of the world's largest economies. From the Gold Rush of 1849 to Hollywood and Silicon Valley, California has long been the frontier of American ambition. "Eureka" — I found it.

Entered the Union · Sept 9, 1850
Population
39.5 M2020 · most populous
Capital
Sacramento
Entered Union
185031st state
Nickname
The Golden State
Median Income
$67,269
Median Age
36.1years

Basic Information

The Golden State
39,538,223
Population · 2020
The most populous state in the country.
CA
Postal Abbreviation
Natives are known as Californians.
36.1yrs
Median Age
Driving age 16 · age of majority 18.
$67,269
Median Household Income
Among the higher-income states.

State Symbols

Nickname
The Golden State
Motto
"Eureka" — I found it
State Song
"I Love You, California" — music & lyrics by F.B. Sherwood and A.F. Frankenstein

Origins

Capital
Sacramento
Entered the Union
September 9, 1850 — the 31st state. Present constitution adopted 1879.
Origin of the Name
Named after a fictional island in a 1510 Spanish novel by García Ordóñez de Montalvo; applied to the region by explorer Hernando Cortés early in the 16th century.

Economy

Industry & enterprise
Agriculture
CattleCottonField cropsFruitsMilkPoultryVegetables
Mining
BoronCementClayGypsumGoldLimestonePetroleumSand & gravel
Manufacturing
AerospaceAircraftComputersSoftwareElectronicsFood processing

Major Companies by Revenue

  1. Apple
  2. McKesson
  3. Chevron
  4. Wells Fargo
  5. Alphabet
  6. Intel
  7. Disney
  8. Hewlett Packard

Geography

The lay of the land
163,707sq mi
Total Area
Land 155,973 · water 7,734 sq mi.
14,494ft
Mount Whitney
The highest point in the continental US.
−282ft
Death Valley
The lowest point in North America.
840mi
Pacific Coastline
From the Mexican border to Oregon.
The Landscape
California is traversed by two mountain ranges — the Coastal Range and the Sierra Nevada — with the rich Central Valley between them, one of the country's most productive farmlands thanks to extensive irrigation. The north is covered by redwood forests; the south is desert, including Death Valley. Recorded temperatures have ranged from 134°F (July 10, 1913) to −45°F (January 20, 1937).

Cities & Counties

Largest cities by population

Largest Cities

History

1533 — today

Famous People

Born or made in California
Ansel Adams Joe DiMaggio Robert Frost William Randolph Hearst Steve Jobs Allen Lockheed Marilyn Monroe Adlai Stevenson John Steinbeck Edward Teller Shirley Temple Earl Warren

National Sites

Parks & landmarks
01

Alcatraz Island

The infamous former federal prison on an island in San Francisco Bay, now a national recreation area.

02

Old Sacramento

A restored Gold Rush–era historic district and National Historic Landmark on the Sacramento River.

03

Yosemite National Park

First protected in 1864 — famed for its waterfalls, granite cliffs, giant sequoias and vast wilderness.

04

Redwood National Park

Coastal parks protecting 45% of all remaining old-growth coast redwoods — the tallest trees on earth.

05

Sequoia National Park

Established 1890 in the southern Sierra Nevada; home to giant sequoias and Mount Whitney.

06

Death Valley

The largest national park in the lower 48 — salt flats, dunes and the lowest, hottest ground in North America.

Watch

California on film
HistoryCentral — The Golden State