Estonia

Estonia is a high-income EU and eurozone member that has become a celebrated digital pioneer, building one of the world's most advanced e-government and digital-services economies since regaining independence in 1991.

Free-market reforms, low debt, and a flat tax helped transform the former Soviet republic, though its small, open economy is exposed to regional shocks and its proximity to Russia.

Key Sectors

Key sectors include information technology and software (Estonia birthed Skype and a thriving startup scene), electronics, machinery, wood and furniture, and shipping and transit trade.