Germany

Germany is Europe's largest economy and one of the world's foremost industrial and exporting powers, renowned for its engineering, its dense network of specialized medium-sized 'Mittelstand' firms, and its skilled workforce.

A founding pillar of the EU and the eurozone, Germany long thrived on manufacturing exports and cheap Russian energy; the loss of that energy after 2022, along with intensifying competition in autos, has forced a difficult adjustment.

Key Sectors

The economy is led by motor vehicles (Volkswagen, BMW, Mercedes-Benz), machinery and industrial equipment, chemicals and pharmaceuticals, electrical and electronic goods, and a strong export-oriented Mittelstand.