Ukraine

Ukraine is predominantly ethnic Ukrainian, with a Russian-speaking minority concentrated in the east and south. The war has powerfully strengthened Ukrainian national identity and the use of the Ukrainian language over Russian.

The dominant faith is Eastern Orthodox Christianity — increasingly under an independent Ukrainian church — alongside Greek Catholic communities in the west and other minorities.

Society

Even before the war Ukraine had a declining population; the Russian invasion has caused enormous casualties and driven millions abroad as refugees, the largest displacement in Europe since World War II.