Haiti

Haitians are overwhelmingly of African descent, the legacy of the slave revolt that made Haiti the world's first Black republic in 1804. French and Haitian Creole are the official languages.

Religious life blends Roman Catholicism and Protestant Christianity with Vodou, which originated among enslaved Africans and remains widely practiced.

Society

Haiti has low literacy and development indicators and a young population, gripped by humanitarian crisis as gang violence, hunger, and the collapse of basic services drive mass displacement.