Bolivia

Bolivia is a landlocked, lower-middle-income Andean economy long dependent on extracting natural resources — historically silver and tin, now natural gas and minerals — with a large Indigenous majority and persistent poverty.

Gas exports have funded social programs and growth, but declining output and political instability cloud the outlook, even as Bolivia holds some of the world's largest lithium reserves, key to the battery age.

Key Sectors

The economy rests on natural gas, mining (zinc, silver, tin, and vast untapped lithium), agriculture (soy), and a large informal sector.