Belarus

Belarus retains one of Europe's most state-dominated economies, a legacy of its Soviet past, with large government-owned industrial and agricultural sectors and limited private enterprise.

It is heavily dependent on Russia for cheap energy, loans, and export markets, a reliance that has deepened amid Western sanctions imposed after the disputed 2020 election and Minsk's support for Russia's war in Ukraine.

Key Sectors

Major sectors include machinery and vehicles (notably tractors and trucks), potash fertilizer — of which Belarus is a leading world producer — petroleum refining of Russian crude, chemicals, and food processing.