>Italy
People
Italian (includes small clusters of German-, French-, and Slovene-Italians in the north and Albanian-Italians and Greek-Italians in the south). Italian (official), German (parts of Trentino-Alto Adige region are predominantly German-speaking), French (small French-speaking minority in Valle d'Aosta region), Slovene (Slovene-speaking minority in the Trieste-Gorizia area)
.
| 1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2020 | |
| Population, total (millions) | 56.72 | 56.94 | 59.28 | 59.45 |
| Population growth (annual %) | 0.1 | 0 | 0.3 | -0.5 |
| Surface area (sq. km) (thousands) | 301.3 | 301.3 | 301.3 | 302.1 |
| Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 192.9 | 193.6 | 201.5 | 199.7 |
| Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | 18.9 | 19.8 | 20.1 |
| Income share held by lowest 20% | 7.7 | 6.3 | 6.4 | 6.1 |
| Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 77 | 80 | 82 | 82 |
| Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 1.2 |
| Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 9 | 7 | 6 | 5 |
| Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | .. | 65 | .. |
| Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 100 | 100 | .. |
| Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 10 | 6 | 4 | 3 |
| Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 43 | 74 | 91 | 92 |
| Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | 101 | 102 | 104 | 98 |
| School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 98.3 | 103.9 | 103 | 101 |
| School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 80 | 93 | 103 | 101 |
| School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.2 |
| Environment | ||||
| Forest area (sq. km) (thousands) | 75.9 | 83.7 | 90.3 | 95.7 |
| Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | 14 |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | 23.1 | 22.9 | 18.6 | 18.7 |
| Urban population growth (annual %) | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 0 |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 2,584 | 3,012 | 2,931 | .. |
| CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita) | 7.15 | 7.66 | 6.84 | 5.38 |
| Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 4,145 | 5,300 | 5,494 | .. |
| Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Net migration (thousands) | 153 | 1,664 | 1,637 | 745 |
| Personal remittances, received (current US$) (millions) | 5,075 | 1,790 | 7,975 | 9,711 |
| Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$) (millions) | 6,441 | 13,173 | 9,931 | -22,091 |
| Net official development assistance received (current US$) (millions) | .. | .. | .. | .. |