Iraq

People

At least 95% percent of population adheres to some form of Islam. Government gives number of Shias as 55% but probably 60% to 65% is reasonable figure. Most Iraqi Shias are Arabs. Almost all Kurds, approximately 19% of population, are Sunnis, together with about 13% Sunni Arabs. Total Arab population in 1987 given by government as 76%. Remainder of population small numbers of Turkomans, mostly Sunni Muslims; Assyrians and Armenians, predominantly Christians; Yazidis, of Kurdish stock with a syncretistic faith; and a few Jews.


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1990 2000 2010 2020
Population, total (millions) 56.37 65.62 73.76 83.99
Population growth (annual %) 2.8 1.3 1.1 1.3
Surface area (sq. km) (thousands) 1,745.20 1,745.20 1,745.20 1,745.20
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) 34.6 40.3 45.3 51.6
Income share held by lowest 20% 5.2 5.2 5.3 6
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) 64 70 74 77
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) 4.7 2.1 1.8 2.1
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) 87 37 33 41
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) 49 74 77 ..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) .. 90 96 ..
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) 58 36 19 13
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) .. 9.5 4.1 ..
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) 85 99 99 99
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) 84 91 99 99
School enrollment, primary (% gross) 105.1 101.2 100.7 110.7
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) 53 78 81 86
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) 1 1 1 1
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
Environment
Forest area (sq. km) (thousands) 90.8 93.3 106.9 107.5
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) .. .. .. 7.7
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) 53.4 70.7 72.3 72.3
Urban population growth (annual %) 3.7 2.4 2 1.9
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) 1,230 1,875 2,769 ..
CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita) 3.18 5.19 7.47 7.69
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) 941 1,547 2,660 ..