Canada

People

Canada is a land of immigrants. The majority of its people descend from various European countries. Only 6% of the population are Native Indians or Eskimos. The country is split along ethnic grounds between French and Anglo-Saxon immigrants.
Nationality: Noun and adjective--Canadian(s).
Ethnic groups: Anglophone 28%, Francophone 23%, other European 15%, Asian/Arab/African 6%, indigenous Amerindian 2%, mixed background 26%.
Religions: Roman Catholic 44.4%, Protestant 29%, other Christian 4.2%, Muslim 2%, other 4%.
Languages: English, French.

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1990 2000 2010 2017
Population, total (millions) 27.79 30.77 34.01 36.71
Population growth (annual %) 1.5 0.9 1.1 1.2
Surface area (sq. km) (thousands) 9,984.70 9,984.70 9,984.70 9,984.70
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) 3.1 3.4 3.7 4
Income share held by lowest 20% 7.7 7.1 7.2 ..
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) 77 79 81 82
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) 1.8 1.5 1.6 1.6
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) 24 17 12 10
Contraceptive prevalence, any methods (% of women ages 15-49) .. 74 .. ..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) 99 99 99 98
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) 8 6 6 5
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) .. .. .. ..
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) 89 96 90 89
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) .. 97 .. ..
School enrollment, primary (% gross) 103.7 100.3 98.6 101.4
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) 99 101 102 113
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) 1 1 1 1
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) .. .. .. ..
Environment
Forest area (sq. km) (thousands) 3,482.70 3,478.00 3,473.00 3,470.70
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) .. .. .. 6.5
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) 1.6 1.5 1.4 ..
Urban population growth (annual %) 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.3
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) 7,603 8,243 7,788 7,604
CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita) 15.66 17.37 15.72 15.12
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) 16,109 16,991 15,270 15,546