22 events in the story of civilization
The events of 1860 – 1870 AD — 2nd Maori War Begins -The Second Maori war was fought from 1860-1872 b; Pasteurization Introduced In 1861, thanks to Louis Pastuers work on mi; Ft. Sumter Fort Sumter refused to surrender to the Confederates. Sixty.
An Age in History2nd Maori War Begins -The Second Maori war was fought from 1860-1872 between British colonist and native New Zealanders on the North Island. At the end of the largely guerilla war the natives were granted half the island. 1861 AD
Pasteurization Introduced In 1861, thanks to Louis Pastuers work on microorganisms, pasteurization was introduced to milk, beer and other foods to preserve them. 1861 AD
Ft. Sumter Fort Sumter refused to surrender to the Confederates. Sixty-eight soldiers under the command of Major Anderson had been in the fort from December 26th, without supplies. When Lincoln made the decision to resupply the fort, the Confederacy decided to assault it. In the middle of the night of the 12th, Confederate emissaries brought Major Anderson an ultimatum: surrender by 4:00 AM or be
Battle of Bull Run -Federal troops, led by General McDowell advanced towards Manassas Junction, where Confederate troops were dug in, blocking the road to Richmond. Both Confederate and Union troops were not ready for battle. Union troops advanced on Confederate troops, almost breaking through, but at the last moment, Confederate reinforcements arrived at the battle and carried the day. Union troo
Five Russian composers - Mili Balakirev, Cesar Cui, Alexander Borodin, Nicholai Rimsky-Korsakov, and Modest Mussorgsky– decide to form a group to promote Russian national music. 1862 AD
Battle of Antietam In the aftermath of the Confederate victory at Manassas, General Lee led his army into Maryland– in a gamble to win the war. His plans fell into Union hands, and the Union army massed against him outside a little town in Maryland, called Sharpsburg, near the Antietam Creek. In a day long battle, 23,582 Americans became casualties. Both sides lost an equal number of men. The Conf
Battle of Gettysburg The Battle of Gettysburg took place around this small Pennsylvania town, when Confederate forces foraging for shoes encountered a Union cavalry brigade guarding the town. Both sides quickly brought their main units to bear. In the first day of the battle, Confederate troops forced Union forces back, but at a very heavy cost. The second day, Confederates attacked heavily fortif
Lincoln Assassinated -Just six days after the South surrendered, President Lincoln was shot by an assassin, while attending a play at Ford's Theater. The assassin, John Wilkes Booth, was killed during his capture, twelve days later. The rest of the conspirators were also apprehended and all four were hung on July 8th. 1865 AD
Alice's Adventure in Wonderland Published Lewis Carol published Alice's Adventures in Wonderland in 1865. He went on to write Through the Looking Glass and other works. 1865 AD
On December 18th 1865, the 13th amendment to the Constitution was officially ratified. This amendment stated that neither slavery, nor involuntary servitude could exist in the United States. 1866 AD
The end of the Civil War necessitated a decision specifying the terms by which the South could be readmitted to the Union. Both Lincoln and Johnson took the position that the South had never left the Union and therefore the question of readmission was moot. The Congress had other ideas and passed a series of laws imposing military control over the South. 1866 AD
Seven Weeks War -The Seven Weeks War began on June 15th with a Prussian invasion of Saxony which was an Austrian ally. The war was the idea of Bismark whose wished to strengthen German unity which Austria opposed. The Austrians were defeated in the battle of Sadowa. On August 23 the Austrians and the Prussians signed the Treaty of Prague which was favorable to Prussia. Austria was forced to cede S
Blue Danube Waltz Presented -Johann Strauss the younger first presents his Blue Danube Waltz, which later became one of the most popular and familiar works of European music. 1867 AD
Alaska Purchased -Secretary of State Seward negotiated the US purchase of Alaska from Russia for the sum of $7 million. The purchase was not universally popular and the treaty was approved by a vote of 27 to 12, only one vote more than the two-thirds needed to approve the treaty 1868 AD
President Johnson constantly clashed with Congress, which wished to impose a significantly more radical version of reconstruction on the South. Finally, the radicals in Congress decided to try to impeach and indict Andrew Johnson. The impeachment vote passed in the House. The Senate voted 35 for and 19 against conviction; one vote short of the needed 2/3rds majority. 1868 AD
France Recognizes Kingdom of Merina in Madagascar -The Hova Queen of Madagascar died after a 5 year reign. Ranavalona II succeeded her. The power behind her throne was her husband, a Christian, Rainilaiarrivony. France recognized the kingdom sovereignty in Madagascar. 1868 AD
Meiji Restoration -The Meiji restoration began when the newly established emperor Mutsuhito ousted the shogante of the Tokugawaw clan that had ruled Japan since 1603. The new emperor restored direct imperial rule of Japan. The Mutsuhito began the modernization of Japan. 1868 AD
Revolution in Spain -On September 18, 1868 the officers of the Spanish fleet began a revolution. They marched on Madrid and defeated government forces. Isabella was forced to flee. The military announced the formation of a provisional government, and created a constitutional monarchy. 1869
AD 15th Amendment Passed Despite the fact that the 14th Amendment indirectly provided the vote to Afro-Americans, many Southern states continued to find ways not to permit Blacks to vote. Therefore, on the 15th of February, Congress passed the 15th Amendment which made this right explicit. Congress did not, however, include the right for women to vote in this amendment. 1869 AD
Itiber da Cunha, an amateur musician and pianist, publishes A Sertaneja, a piece for piano. In it, da Cunha emulates urban popular music, and even quotes a popular tune of the time. A Sertaneja is considered the first nationalist composition published in Brazil. 1869 AD
Suez Canal Opened -On November 17, 1869 the Suez Canal opened to traffic. The canal linked the Mediterranean and the Red Sea. It was 103 miles long and it brought Oriental ports 5,000 miles closer to Europe. Work had begun on the canal in 1859. It was financed primarily by French investors. The canal increased the strategic importance of Egypt to European powers. 1869 AD
Transcontinental Rail Service Begun in the United States -On May 10th, at Promontory Point, Utah, a golden rail spike was struck, completing the first transcontinental railroad line. The spike joined the lines of the Union-Pacific Railroad being built westward, from Omaha, Nebraska; and those of the Central-Pacific being built eastward, from Sacramento, California. googletag.cmd.push(function() {