The presidential election campaign kicks off after both main parties nominate their candidates. The two candidates participate in a series of debates during the campaign. Campaigns concentrate their efforts in the states considered “swing states”, (voters can be convinced to “swing” and vote for either party’s candidate), since in the American system, in all but two states whoever wins the most votes in that state receives all of the electoral votes for that state.
The Electoral College was created for two reasons. The first purpose was to create a buffer between population and the selection of a President. The second as part of the structure of the government that gave extra power to the smaller states.
American Presidential elections have changed over time. In America’s first election for President, legislators in each state selected electoral delegates. Over the years, states instituted direct elections for electors and also slowly increased the pool of those allowed to vote – starting with only white male land owners, to now, all of the population (with a few exception) above the age of 18. In addition, over time, America’s presidential election process has become an event involving many more people and increasing usage of the media.
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