Stephenson soon had a partner in his work, his son Robert. Stephenson was appointed the chief engineer of the first public railroad built in England. The railroad was charted by a group of investors led by Edward Pease to run between the port of Stockton and the inland coal areas. the first train ran on the 12 mile Stockton & Darlington on September 27, 1825. Engines for the railroad were produced in the first factory established by Stephenson with the financial backing of Pease. The first engine turned out by the factory was the Locomotion. On the opening day the Locomotion pulled a train of 34 wagons.

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