The Multimedia History Company

INTRODUCTION: Teaching History with Multimedia

THE CORE CHRONOLOGY

I. Explorers …………………………………………....………….. 2

II. Colonies ……………………………………………………….. 5

III. Revolt ………………………………………………...……….. 8

IV. New Nation …………………………………..……………….. 12

V. Westward Expansion ………………………………...……….. 18

VI. Nation Divided ……………………………………………….. 24

VII. Reconstruction ……………………………………..……….. 30

VIII. Industrialization …………………………………………….. 33

IX. World Stage ………………………………………..……..….. 37

X. Twenties ……………………………………………….…….. 41

XI. Depression/War ……………………………….……..……….. 44

XII. Post-War …………………………………………….……….. 50

XIII. Sixties ……………………………………………………….. 54

XIV. Today ……………………………………………….……….. 59

TIMELINES & ADDITIONAL RESOURCES

A. African American Timeline …………………………………… 62

B. Native American Timeline …………………………………… 64

C. Women’s History Timeline …………………………………… 65

D. Presidents ……………………………..……………….………. 66

E. First Ladies ……………………………………………………. 66

F. How The U.S. Grew ………………………………………….. 66

G. Statistics ……………………………………………………….. 67

H. Immigration …………………………………………………… 67

INTRODUCTION: TEACHING HISTORY WITH MULTIMEDIA

Multimedia history CD Roms can be used in numerous different way. The optimal use for the CD is as a replacement for, or in conjunction with a textbook. The CD Rom’s ability to combine text, photographs, video clips and first hand documents, enable the multimedia history format to exceed the capabilities of the best of the textbooks.

There are a number of additional uses for multimedia history CDs. CD ROMs can be used for independent study by individual and/or small group of students, or in a computer lab. The CD Rom’s resources can also be used by a teacher with an overhead projector to make presentations. History CDs can be placed in the library to be used as a student resource. Finally, since all of the resources of our programs are exportable, teachers can use our programs to prepare presentation for classroom use.

THE CORE CHRONOLOGY

I. EXPLORERS

The period of explorers chronicles the era when North America was first discovered by European explorers. It recalls what these adventurers were seeking out when they first began.

A. Objective:

To learn about the early explorers, who they were and the countries from which they came.

B. History Makers

1. Columbus

2. Verrazano

3. Balboa

4. Cabot

5. Cortex

6. Magellan

7. Drake

C. Major Events and Questions For Discussion:

… Indians Live Peaceful Lives

1004... Vikings Land North America

1492... Columbus Sails To North America

à Where did Columbus think he was when he landed in North America?

EXERCISE: Have students present a description of the land as if they

were Columbus

1498... Cabot Claims North America For Great Britain

à What gave Cabot the right to claim North America for Britain?

1512... Ponce De Leon Explores Florida

à What was Ponce de Leon looking for when he explored Florida?

1513... Balboa Discovers Pacific

1517... Hudson Bay Discovered

1521... Cortez Completes Conquest Of Mexico

à Why did Cortez conquer Mexico instead of just explore the land?

1522... Magellan Completes Circle Of Globe

1524... Verazzano Discovers New York Bay

1533... Pizarro Kills Inca Chief

1534... Cartier Claims Canada For France

1542... Desoto Discovers The Mississippi

... Coronado Explores Southwest

1562... French Settle Florida

1579... Drake Circles Globe

à Have students read about Drakes voyage and create a log of where he visited.

D. Source Documents From The Period of the Explorers:

1492— Columbus Discovers America

1497— Cabot Discovers The Mainland

1513— Balboa Discovers Pacific

1524— Verrazano Discovers NY Harbor

1534— Cartier's Exploration Of Canada

1540— Coronado's Expedition To The Southwest

1542— The Death Of DeSoto

1579— Drake's Voyage

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II. THE FIRST COLONIES

The Colonial Section of the American History Program covers the founding of each of the 13 original colonies. It also deals with some of the other major issues that governed the development of the colonies such as the defeat to the Spanish Armada. Events that effected the eventual development of the colonies, and in some cases continued to effect American History such as the arrival of the first slaves, or the hanging of religious dissenter, Quakers are covered in this section.

A. Objective: To Learn about the first North American settlements to be colonized.

B. Important Terms:

1. Virginia Company

2. Spanish Armada

3. James River

4. Charter

5. Indentured Servant

6. Dutch East India Company

7. Plymouth Rock

8. Puritans

C. Major Events, Questions For Discussion and Selected Exercises:

1587… Roanoke Colony Founded

1588...Spanish Armada Defeated

à What was the importance of the defeat of the Spanish Armada?

1607...Jamestown Founded

EXERCISE: DOCUMENT REVIEW: Read the document presenting the charter of Jamestown.

à What is the enduring importance of the Jamestown settlement.

1610...Spanish Found Santa Fe

1614...Pocahontas Wed John Rolfe

à What patterns were set for future interactions between the Indians and the

White settlers?

1619...First Black Brought to America

1620...Mayflower Lands at Plymouth Rock

EXERCISE: DOCUMENT REVIEW: Have the students read the Mayflower Compact.

1624...New Netherlands Founded

à Why did the Dutch want to found a colony at New Netherlands?

EXERCISE: DOCUMENT REVIEW: Have the students read the Charter Of Privileges

To Patrons. FREEDOMS AND EXEMPTIONS.

à How is it different from the Charter for Virginia.

à What is the difference between Patrons and regular colonists.

1630...Massachusetts Bay Colony

à What was special about the Massachusetts Bay Colony?

EXERCISE: Read the Charter of the Massachusetts Bay Colony.

à How is it similar and how does it differ from the other charters?

1634...Catholics Found Maryland

1635...Williams Founds Rhode Island

à How was Roger Williams the father of the concept of separation of Church and State?

à The oldest synagogue in the United States is in Newport, Rhode Island. Was the first

Synagogue located in Newport by accident?

1637... Settler Militias Kill 500 Indians

Access the history of Pequot War from the Native American section.

à What started the Pequot War?

à Were the settler militias justified in declaring war on the Pequot?

1638... Connecticut Founded

1638... New Sweden Founded

1659... Quaker Executed

à The Massachusetts Bay Colony persecuted Quakers and in effect hung them.

Why were their actions considered so dangerous to the new society?

EXERCISE: Hold a Mock Trial for Quakers.

1664...Dutch Yield to British

1665...New Jersey Founded

à How were the colonies of New York and New Jersey similar?

1667...Bacon Rebellion

à Bacon’s revolution was the first of many in American history.

What were the causes?

1681...Pennsylvania Founded by William Penn

Pennsylvania was founded by William Penn as a haven for Quakers.

à How did Pennsylvania differ from other colonies?

à Why was Penn granted land for his colony?

à Was the charter issued to Pennsylvania any different from other charters?

1682...La Salle Claims Mississippi

à What was the significance of La Salle claiming the Mississippi for France?

1690...Twenty Executed in Salem for Witchcraft

EXERCISE: Hold a Town meeting to debate this issue.

1733...Georgia Founded

1739...Slave Revolt

D. SOURCE DOCUMENTS FROM THE PERIOD OF THE FIRST COLONIES:

1620- First Charter Of Massachusetts

1620- Mayflower Compact

1621- Ordinance For Virginia

1629- Charter Of New Netherlands

1632- Charter Of Maryland

1638- Fundamental Orders Of Connecticut

1639- Articles Of New Haven

1643- New England Confederation

1643- Patent Of Providence Plantations

1649- Maryland Toleration Act

1660- Navigation Act

1662- Charter Of Connecticut

1662- First Charter Of Carolina

1663- Charter Of Rhode Island

1663- Grant To The Duke Of York

1663- Second Charter Of Carolina

1663- Second Navigation Act

1672- Third Navigation Act

1680- Charter Of Pennsylvania

1691- Second Charter Of Massachusetts

1696- Fourth Navigation Act

1713- Treaty Of Utrecht

1732- Charter Of Georgia

1733- Molasses Act Revolt

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II. THE REVOLT

The Revolt section covers the period leading up to and including the Revolutionary War. It covers all of the major events that led to the war, as well as, some of the major battles in the war itself.

1. Objective: To make students aware of the causes of the Revolutionary War, as well as the major events in the war itself.

B. Important Terms:

1. Sugar Act

2. Stamp Act Congress

C. History Makers:

1. Thomas Paine

2. Washington

3. Nathan Hale

4. Thomas Jefferson

5. Benjamin Franklin

6. Crispex

D. General Resources:

This section includes two multimedia presentations:

¹ The first covers the event leading to the Revolution

¹The second covers the military events in the war.

¹Use MultiEducator’s "Revolutionary War: Birth of a Nation" to trace the

E. Major Events, Questions For Discussion and Selected Exercises:

1754... French and Indian War

à How did the French Indian Wars begin the March toward Independence?

à What role did General Washington play in the war?

1764... British Impose new Taxes

à The British imposed the American Revenue Act?

EXERCISE: Read the text of the Acts. à How did the British justify the imposition of this tax?1765... Stamp Tax Passed à The Stamp Tax created a much greater uproar than the American Revenue Act. Why? ... Sons of Liberty Organized1767... Townshend Act Passed à The Townshend Act significantly increased the tensions between the colonies and England. How important were English domestic concerns in determining and convincing the British to impose the Townshend Act?1768... Colonist Boycott EXERCISE: The colonist responded to the Townshend Acts with a boycott of British

goods. They summarized their feelings in the circular letter. Have your students read the circular letter. The paragraph beginning: "It is, moreover, their humble opinion, which they express

with the greatest deference to the wisdom of the Parliament, that the acts made

there, imposing duties on the people of this province, with the sole and express

purpose of raising a revenue, are infringements of their natural and constitutional

rights; because, as they are not represented in the British Parliament, his Majesty's

Commons in Britain, by those acts, grant their property without their consent."

Sums up well the argument for no taxation without representation.

... British Send Troops to Boston à What was the effect of the British dispatching troops to Boston to maintain order?1769... Spain Established Settlement in California1770... Boston Massacre à The Boston Massacre represents the first shedding of blood on the road to the Revolutionary War. How important was this event?

à Were the British soldiers justified in opening fire on the colonist?

EXERCISE: Set up a mock trail of the British troops.

1772... Townshend Act Rescinded

à Why did the British parliament repeal most of the Townshend Act while maintaining

it on tea?

1773... Boston Tea Party

à Why did the colonists dress up as Indians while perpetrating the Boston Tea Party?

1774... Coercive Acts Imposed

à Why did the British parliament impose the Coercive Acts?

à Were the British unaware of the potential response?

1774... First Continental Congress

à What caused the First Continental Congress to meet?

à The Congress issued a Declaration of Causes.

Have your students read the Declaration and summarize the complaints against

Great Britain.

1775... Paul Revere Rides

EXERCISE: Paul Revere Midnight Ride is one of the most famous in history, partly

due to the poem by Robert Louis Stevenson. Have one of your students dramatically

read the poem aloud.

1775... Battle of Lexington

1776... Paine Publishes "Common Sense"

à Why was the publishing of Common Sense important?

1776... Declaration of Independence

à Why was the Declaration on Independence issued?

à Read the Declaration aloud. What are the enduring phrases that come to light?

1777... Battle of Saratoga

à Why was the American victory at Saratoga so important?

... Valley Forge

1781... Articles of Confederation

à Why was there a needs for the Articles of Confederation?

à What powers did the Articles give to the States and what did they give to the

Federal Government.

EXERCISE: Have the students read the Articles and summarize.

D. Source Documents From the Revolutionary War Period:

1762- Writ Of Assistance

1764- Sugar Act

1765- Stamp Act

1765- Stamp Act Congress

1765- Quartering Act

1766- Declaratory Act

1767- Act Suspending NY Assembly

1767- Townshend Act

1768- Massachusetts Circular Letter

1774- Administration Of Justice Act

1774- Boston Port Act

1774- The Association

1774- Declaration Of Resolves

1775- Declaration Of Causes

1775- Lord North's Conciliatory Resolution

1775- Report On Lord North's Conciliatory Resolution

1775- New England Restraining Act

1776- Declaration Of Independence

1777- Articles Of Confederation

1783- Treaty Of Paris

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IV. NEW NATION

The section on the New Nation covers the key period of from the writing of the Constitution through to the War of 1812. It follows the story of the United States from a loose confederation of independent states to a national government that fights Great Britain to a stalemate.

A. Objective: To learn about the writing of the Constitution, as well as the first steps that the United States took as one nation.

B. Important Terms:

1. Articles of Confederation

2. Judiciary

3. Constitution

4. Federalist Papers

5. Bill of Right

6. Bank of the US

7. Proclamation of Neutrality

8. Embargo Act

9. Non-Importation Act

C. History Makers:

1. Hamilton

2. Washington

3. John Adams

4. Thomas Jefferson

5. John Jay

6. John Marshall

7. Aaron Burr

8. James Madison

D. General Issues for Discussion and Activities on the New Nation Period:

¹What were George Washington's major accomplishments as President?

¹What were the major disagreements between the large states and the small States

in the writing of the Constitution?

¹Who stood to gain from the assumption of State debts by the federal government,

and why did Hamilton propose it?

¹What was the difference between the view of the strict constructionists and those

who believed in a more liberal interpretation of the Constitution?

¹What issues were raised by the Proclamation of Neutrality?

¹What was the "Quasi War"?

¹Why did some call the Election of Thomas Jefferson the "Second American

Revolution"?

¹What was the Importance of the Louisiana Purchase?

¹What were the causes of the War of 1812?

¹Who won the War of 1812?

D. General Exercises:

Go to the statistics section:

¹Go to the President section: Compare the early lives of the Presidents in this era?

¹What do these Presidents share in common in their personal histories?

¹ In what ways do the President’s personal histories differ?

The section includes three multimedia presentations:

¹ An overview of the period

¹ A presentation on the making of the Constitution

¹ A summation of the War of 1812

E. The following events are covered:

1786... Shay’s Revolt

à What were the causes of the Shay’s Rebellion?

... Constitutional Convention Meets

Have the student listen to the program’s movie on the "Making of the Constitution".

The presentation outlines the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation.

à What were those weaknesses?

à Who did these weaknesses most effect?

... Constitution Approved

à What were the major compromises reached in agreeing to the Constitution?

à What were the major disagreements between the large and small States?

à How were slaves treated in the Constitution?

EXERCISE: Examine the Constitution itself.

à What are the major provisions of the Constitution?

1788... Constitution Takes Effect

Here are a list of the first Federalist Papers:

1. Hamilton writes the Introduction

2. Jay writes on the Dangers from Foreign Influence

3. Jay continues

4. Jay states that union brings strength

5. Jay writes how bad the a disunited country is

6. Hamilton writes about the danger of Civil War

7. Hamilton continues about the dangers of civil conflict

8. Hamilton writes more about the danger of civil conflict

9. Hamilton writes that the size of the union assures its security

10. Madison writes how faction can cause difficulties

11. Hamilton writes on the advantage of union for commerce and the navy

12. Hamilton writes how union will effect taxes

13. Hamilton writes how the union will lower the overall tax burden

14. Madison writes how the size of the union is right

15. Hamilton attacks the Articles of Confederation

1789... Washington Inaugurated

à Washington was inaugurated after a triumphant procession from Mt. Vernon to

New York.

EXERCISE: Have one of the students read the address.

1790... Federal Government Assumes State Debt

à The Assumption of State Debts by the federal government accrued to the benefit

of some states and not for others Why?

à What compromise had to be made to get some states to go along with assumption?

à What does this tell us about the nature of American politics?

1790 First Bank of the United States

à What was the purposes of the Bank of the United States?

à Hamilton wrote the First Report on Credit. Assign students to read the report.

What was the main argument put forth in the report?

1791... Bill of Rights Takes Effect

1793... Proclamation of Neutrality

à Why was the proclamation of neutrality so confidential?

... Genet Affair

à Who was citizen Genet ?

à What effect did the affair have on US French relations?

... Cotton Gin

à What was the importance of the invention of the cotton gin?

1794... Whiskey Rebellion

EXERCISE: Students can also read a first—hand account of the revolt.

1795... Jay’s Treaty

à Why was the Jay Treaty so unpopular?

... Pickney’s Treaty

à Why did Spain agree to all of America’s demands in Pickney’s treaty?

1796... Washington’s Farewell Address

article published in a newspaper. What were the major themes of the address?

1797... XYZ Affair à The XYZ affair led to an undeclared war with France, called the Quasi War. What were the causes of the "Quasi War"?1798... Navy Department Created ... Alien and Sedition Act à The Alien and Sedition Act was one of the worst violations of civil rights in US history. Why was this act passed? What were its worst provisions?1799... Freis Rebellion ... Logan Act à The Logan Act was passed in 1799. Some people contend that former Presidents Jackson and Carter violated this act. What must they have done?1800... Peace Treaty With France

... Washington - US Capital

Have a student read the account of Abigail Adams— the wife of the first President to live

in the White House— describe what life was like in Washington in its early days.

1801... Thomas Jefferson Inaugurated

... Tripolitan War

1803... Louisiana Purchase

... Marbury vs. Madison

à Why is the decision in Marbury vs. Madison so important?

à How did Supreme Court Justice Marshall expand the power of the

Supreme Court?

... Lewis and Clarke Expedition

1804... Alexander Hamilton Killed

1807... Abolition of Slave Trade

à The importation of slavery was banned in 1807. Why did the ban have little impact?

... Embargo Act

à Why did the British Attack the Chesapeake?

à Why did the Embargo Act Fail?

... Non-Intercourse Act

1810... Macon’s Bill

1812... War of 1812

à What were the causes of the War of 1812?

à Why is the war sometimes called the second American Revolution?

1814... Hartford Convention

à Why did some of the attendees of the Hartford Convention believe in having some

of the states withdraw from the Union?

à Were their arguments any different than the Southern arguments before the

Civil War?

... Treaty of Ghent

1816... Second Bank of the United States

1817... Era of Good Feeling

1818 ... Seminole War

à What were the causes of this war?

1818... Rush Bagot Agreement

1819... Adams Onis Treaty

... First Steamship Crosses The Atlantic

à What was the importance of the Savanna the first steamship to cross

the Atlantic?

... Panic of 1819

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V. EXPANSION

This period in American history is marked by the rapid westward expansion of the United States.

This expansion effected other underlying problems primary helping to widen the chasm between North and South over slavery and economic policies.

A. Objective: To examine the western expansion of the United States. To understand the issues problems surrounding slavery and the budding US economy and the effect expansion had on them.

B. Important Terms:

1. Missouri Compromise

2. Spoils Systems

3. Abolitionists

4. Tariffs

5. Nullification

6. Popular Election

7. Compact

8. Indian Removal

9. Texas Independence

C. History Makers of the Expansion Period:

1. Chief Osceoloa

2. Daniel Webster

3. Justice Marshall

4. Henry Clay

5. John Calhoun

6. Cyrus McCormick

7. Governor Morrison

8. Winfield Scott

9. Sam Houston

10. Samuel Morse

11. Santa Ana

12. James Monroe

13. John Quincy Adams

14. Andrew Jackson

15. Martin Van Buren

16. William Harrison

17. John Tyler

18. James Polk

19. Zachary Taylor

20. Sojourner’s Truth

D. General Issues and Questions For Further Discussion on the Expansion Period:

1. How did the Westward Expansion of the United States exasperate the divide

between North and South during this period?

2. What were the causes of the Mexican American War?

3. What was the importance of the Age of Jackson?

E. Major Events, Issues for Questions & Selected Exercises

1820... Missouri Compromise

à Why did the issue of slavery come to the fore in 1820?

à What were the major compromises that made up the Missouri Compromise?

à Did the Missouri Compromise only lay the seeds for later conflict?

1823... Monroe Doctrine

à What events precipitated the issuance of the doctrine?

1824... Tariff Act of 1824

à What was the purpose of increasing tariffs?

1825... Erie Canal Opened

à What was the importance of the Erie Canal?

1826... Panama Congress

1828... Tariff of Abominations

à Why did most Northerners support high tariffs, while Southerners opposed it?

à How did high tariffs help manufacturers?

... Age of Jackson

à What does it mean that Jackson was the first "popularly elected" President?

à What made Jackson a strong President?

à What is the "spoils system"?

EXERCISE: DOCUMENT REVIEW: Have students read the first hand account of Jackson’s

election from the document section. Explain why there was so much enthusiasm

surrounding Jackson’s election.1829... Walker’s Appeal à What pattern did Walker’s Appeal begin? à How did the appeal further the chasm between North and South? ... B& O Railroad Begun à What was the significance of the building of this railroad?

EXERCISE: Have students develop an ad campaign (print and or video) for the railroad

and its expansion across the US.

à What did these differences portend for the future?

à How did Jackson end the crisis?

EXERCISE: Read the Document entitled: "Act for Enforcing the Tariff".

Have students read the act and explain, how the tariff would be enforced.

1834... McCormick Grain Reaper

1835... War with Seminoles

... Jackson Vs Bank of the United States

à Why did Jackson oppose the Bank of United States?

à Have students read Jackson’s message on the Bank and summarize his views.

à What was the purpose of Jackson’s message?

... Assassination attempt against Jackson

1836... Texas Independence

à Why did the Texans go to war to achieve independence at this time?

à Why did the Alamo fall?

à What were the results of the war?

1837...Panic of 1837

à Why did Jackson limit the buying of land to those with gold or silver?

à Why did the end of speculative buying of land lead to an economic crisis?

... Caroline Affair

à What were the Canadian rebels fighting against?

1838... Aroostock War

à The Aroostock war was the last time that British and Americans fought against

each other. Why did it not expand into a larger war?

... Oberlin Admits Women

1841... Harrison Dies in Office

1842... Webster Ashburton Treaty

1843... Sojourner Truth

à Why did the speaking tour of Sojourner Truth have such an effect?

1844...Treaty of Wanghia

à The importance of the Treaty of Wanghia is not so much the terms of the treaty,

... Inter - City Telegraph

1845... Texas Annexed

à Why did many of the Northern States oppose the annexation of Texas?

à Why did Texas want to annexed?

1846...Oregon Treaty

... Mexican War

... Independent Treaty

... Mormon’s Settle Great Salt Lake

... Treaty of Guadeloupe Hidalgo

à What were the terms of the peace treaty with Mexico?

à What were the long term effects of the Mexican American War?

1849... Gold Discovered in California

à What were the effects of gold being discovered in California?

à Did the discovery of gold in California effect the relations between North and South?

F. Source Documents of the Expansion Period:

1820- Compromise Of 1820- "Taylor Amendment"

1820- Compromise Of 1820- "Report Of The Conference Committee"

1820- Compromise Of 1820- "Tallmadge Amendment"

1820- Compromise Of 1820- "Missouri Enabling Act"

1820- Compromise Of 1820- "Thomas Amendment"

1820- Missouri Compromise Of 1820- "A Historical Account"

1821- Resolution For Admittance Of Missouri

1823- Monroe Doctrine

1823- Monroe Message

1824- Gibson vs. Ogden

1825- Building Of The Erie Canal

1826- Death Of Adams AND Jefferson ON Same Day

1828- American Insurance vs. Carter

1828- Jackson's First Election As President

1830- Jackson's Second Message On The Bank

1830- Cherokee

1830- Garrison & The "Liberator"

1821- Monroe's 2nd Inaugural

1825- John Quincy Adams' Inaugural Address

1829- Jackson's Inaugural

1832- Black Hawk War

1832- Jackson's Bank Veto

1832- Jackson's Message To The People Of S. Carolina

1832- Jackson's Ordinance Of Nullification

1832- Overthrow Of The Bank

1833- Jackson's Paper Read To The Cabinet

1833- Constitution Of American Anti-Slavery League

1833- Contract Between The Girard Bank & The US

1833- Taney's Instruction To The Collector At Philadelphia

1833- Taney To Girard Bank

1836- Fall Of The Alamo

1836- Houston's Seizure Of Texas

1836- Jackson Message To Bank

1836- Act To Regulate Deposits

1837- Murder Of Lovejoy

1840- Campaign Of 1840

1845- Annexation Of Texas

1846- Act For Prosecution Of The Mexican War

1847- Independant Treasury Act

1848- Treaty Of Guadeloupe-Hidalgo

1833- Jackson's 2nd Inaugural

1837- Van Buren's Inaugural

1841- J.H.Harrison's Inaugural

1845- Polk's Inaugural Address

1849- Taylor's Inaugural Address

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VI. NATION DIVIDED

The Nation Divided Section chronicles America’s headlong rush towards Civil War. This section follows the individual that seems, in retrospect, to have made the war almost inevitable. The program also details the events of the war itself, describing the major battles. The section ends with the assassination of President Abraham Lincoln.

A. Objective: To learn about the immediate causes of the Civil War. To provide an overview of the bloodiest war in US history.

B. Important Terms:

1. Fugitive Slave
2. Bloody Kansas
3. Kansas-Nebraska Act
4. Secession
5. Emancipation
6. Emergency Decrees
7. Draft

C. History Makers of the Nation Divided

1. Stephen Douglas
2. Commodore Perry
3. John Breckinridge
4. John Bell
5. Robert E Lee
6. Ulysses Grant
7. George McClellan
8. Commodore Porter
9. President Van Buren
10. President Lincoln
11. President Pierce
12. Harriet Beecher Stowe
13. Dredd Scott
14. John Brown

D. Major Issues and General Questions for Further Examination

1. What were the major events on the road to civil war?

2. Why was the Dred Scott decision so important?

3. Why was Kansas called "bloody Kansas"?

4. Why did some of the Southern states secede from the Union when Lincoln

was elected?

5. Could President Buchanan have done more to avoid war?

6. How important was the issue of slave rights in the decision to go to war?

7. Why do the words of Lincoln at Gettysburg resonate to this day?

8. How could the South, with its much smaller industrial and population base, ever

have believed that it could ever defeat the larger North?

E. Major Events: Questions for Discussion & Selected Exercises

1850... Compromise Of 1850

à The Compromise of 1850 tried to give different constituencies what they

wanted so they would all agree. Who got what?

... Fugitive Slave Act

à What was the Fugitive Slave Act?

à Why did Southern states want the Fugitive Slave Act passed?

... California Gains Statehood

à What was the effect of California gaining statehood?

1851... Fugitive Slave Law

à In 1851, the Fugitive Slave Law began being implemented.

How did its implementation radicalize views on slavery?

1852... Uncle Tom's Cabin

à Uncle Tom’s Cabin was one of the best sellers in American history.

Why was it so popular?

EXERCISE: Assign the reading of Uncle Tom’s Cabin.

à What was the story?

à Is the writing compelling?

1853... Perry's Mission To Japan

à What was the long term effect of Perry’s Mission to Japan?

... Gadsden Purchase

1854... Fugitive Slave Returned

à What was the effect of having a fugitive slave marched in shackles through

the streets of Boston?

1954... Kansas Nebraska Act

à What was the underlying principle that Senator Douglas fought for in the

Kansas Nebraska Act?

à Did the act solve anything or did it make war more likely?

1855...Ostend Manifesto

1856...Bloody Kansas

à Some people believe that the Civil War actually began in Kansas,

Do you agree? Why or why not?

... Violence In Washington

à The violence in Washington was symptom of an end to civility in American

politics. What did this violence portend for the future?

à Are there any similarities between this event and own times?

... Compromise In Kansas

à What compromise was reached over the future of Kansas?

1857... Panic Of 1857

à How did the Panic of 1857 hasten the advent of the Civil War?

... Dred-Scott Decision

à What were the major elements of the Dred Scott decision?1858... Lincoln—Douglas Debates à What was the significance of the Lincoln—Douglas Debates?1859... Telegraph Cable Across Atlantic à What was the significance of a trans-Atlantic cable? ... First Oil Well Started

... John Brown Leads Revolt

At John Brown’s trial an attempt was made to claim that he was insane. This is what Brown said as he was being led to the gallows: "Now if it is deemed necessary that I should forfeit my life for the furtherance of

the ends of justice, and mingle my blood further with the blood of my children

and with blood of millions in this slave country whose rights are disregarded by

the wicked, cruel and unjust enactment's, I say let it be done." à Was John Brown insane, or just a man before his time?1860... Pony Express Service Begun à The Pony Express has had a very special place in America culture, yet it was used only for a short time before it was superceded by the rails. Why has the

... Democratic Party Splits

à Why was the Democratic party unable to decide on a candidate?

... Lincoln Receives Presidential Nomination

... Election Of 1860

EXERCISE: Look at the Election Map of 1860.

Have students make a list of which candidate won the election in each

of the states.

à What conclusions can be drawn from the election results?

... South Carolina Secedes

1861... Lincoln Inaugurated

NOTE: FOR ALL OF THE CIVIL WAR OBTAIN A COPY OF MultiEDUCATOR’s "CIVIL WAR: AMERICA’S EPIC STRUGGLE". READ FIRST HAND ACCOUNTS AND LISTEN TO THE MULTIMEDIA PRESENTATIONS ON THE BATTLES.

... Ft. Sumter Bombed

à Why were the first bullets fired at Ft. Sumter?

... Reaction To Ft. Sumter

... Battle Of Bull Run

1862... Ft. Henry & Ft. Donelson

... Peninsular Campaign

... Battle Of Shiloh

... New Orleans Captured

... 7 Days Campaign

... Second Bull Run

... Antietam

à Antietam was the bloodiest day in American history, why?

... Homestead Act

... Fredericksburg

1863... Emancipation Decree

... Chancellorsville

... Vicksburg Captured

... Battle Of Gettysburg

à After their defeat at Gettysburg it was clear that the South had no chance to

achieve victory. Why? And as such, why did they continue to fight?

... Gettysburg Address

... Battle Of Chickamauga

... Battle Of Chattanooga

1864... 40 Days Campaign

... Battle Of Atlanta

... Siege Of Petersburg

1865... Lincoln's Second Inaugural

... War Comes To An End

... Lincoln Assassinated

EXERCISE: Write A Eulogy that highlights Lincoln’s contributions to America.

EXERCISE: Examine the Lincoln Memorial in DC. What does This Express.

F. Source Documents From The Period of the Nation Divided:

1850- Calhoun's Views On Slavery

1850- Report Of The Committee Of Thirteen

1850- Clay's Resolution

1850- Fugitive Slave Act

1850- Texas & New Mexico Act

1850- Utah Act

1853- Treaty With Mexico

1854- Douglas' Report

1854- Kansas-Nebraska Act

1857- Lecompton Constitution

1860- South Carolina Ordinance Of Secession

1861- Lincoln's First Inaugural Address

1861- Blockade Of Southern Ports

1861- Call For 75,000 Volunteers

1861- Act For A National Loan

1861- Act For Calling Out The Militia

1861- Confederate Constitution

1861- Enrollment Act

1862- Act Abolishes Slavery In The District Of Columbia

1862- Confiscation Act

1862- Act For Additional Articles Of War

1857- Dred Scott vs. Sanford

1853- Pierce's Inaugural Address

1857- Buchanan's Inaugural Address

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VII. RECONSTRUCTION

The Section on Reconstruction covers the period from the end of the civil war to the end of Reconstruction. This section tells the story of three countries: 1) The industrial North that continued it march toward industrialization (an effort that was only accelerated by the civil war);

2) The South, which was under military occupation (where the rights of African American were strictly enforced) and finally, 3) The West (best exemplified by the building of the Transcontinental Railroad).

A. Objective: To Understand the goals of Reconstruction and whether they were effective.

B. Important Terms:

1. Impeachment

2. Tenure Act

3. Reconstruction

4. Greenbacks

5. Soft money

6. Black Friday

7. Political boss

C. History Makers of the Period:

1. Andrew Johnson
2. Ulysses Grant
3. Rutherford Hayes
4. Seward
5. Alexander Graham Bell

D. General Issues for Discussion on Reconstruction:

1. Why was Johnson impeached?

2. Why was he not convicted?

3. What was the importance of the Transcontinental Railroad?

4. What was the relationship between the finding of gold in the black hills and

Custer’s death?

5. Examine the various civil rights legislation during Reconstruction. (See documents).

How different is it from the civil rights legislation of the 1960’s?

This section contains two multimedia presentations:

à One presentation provides an overview of the whole period.

à The second presentation is on the building of the Transcontinental Railroad.

E. Major Events, Relevant Questions and exercises:

1865... 13th Amendment Passed

à Why was it necessary to pass the 13^th amendment?

à Why wasn’t the Emancipation proclamation enough?

à What were the provisions of the 13^th Amendment?

1867... Reconstruction Act

à Why was it necessary to pass the Reconstruction Act?

à What actions did Southern States take?

à What were the main provisions of the Reconstruction Act?

... Alaska Purchase

à The Alaska Purchase was known as "Seward’s folly"; why?

à Who had the last laugh?

1868...Impeachment Of President Johnson

à Why did the radicals want to impeach Johnson?

EXERCISE: Have the students read the Articles of Impeachment and summarize them.

Hold a mock Impeachment trial.

1869... 15th Amendment

à Why was it necessary to pass the 15^th Amendment?

à What were the provisions of the 15^th Amendment?

... Transcontinental Rail

EXERCISE: Watch the multimedia presentation on its building.

What effect did the railroad’s building have?

... Service Established

... Black Friday

à What caused Black Friday?

à Was Black Friday different from any other speculative bubbles that burst?

... Women Granted Vote In Wyoming

1871... Treaty Of Washington

à What were the terms of the Treaty of Washington?

... Chicago Fire

... Tweed Corruption In NY

à What was the source of power for city bosses?

1873...Economic Panic Of 1873

à What was the cause of the economic panic of 1873?

à Was it any different than any of the previous economic panics?

1875...Resumption Of Specie Act

à What was the differences between hard money and soft money?

1876...Telephone Invented

à What was the long term significance of the invention of the telephone?

...Centennial Exposition

...Gold Discovered In The Black Hills

à On whose land was gold discovered?

...Custer Killed

à Why was Custer at the little Big Horn?

à Whose land was the Little Big Horn?

à What effect did gold have in Custer’s defeat at the Little Big Horn?

1877...End Of Reconstruction

à Why was Reconstruction ended?

à What was the effect of the end of Reconstruction?

F. Source Documents in this section:

1865- Freedman Bureau

1865- Johnson's Proclamation Of Amnesty

1866- Civil Rights Act Of 1866

1866- Restoration Of Tennessee

1867- Alaska Purchase

1867- Command Of The Army

1867- First Reconstruction Act

1867- Franchise In The District Of Columbia

1867- Second Reconstruction Act

1867- Elective Franchise In the Territories

1867- Third Reconstruction Act

1867- Tenure Of Office Act

1867- Act Admitting Arkansas

1868- Articles Of Impeachment

1868- Fourth Reconstruction

1868- Act Admitting South Carolina

1868- Oath Of Office

1868- 14th Amendment

1869- Reconstruction Of Georgia

1869- Provisional Governments Of Virginia, Texas, And Mississippi

1869- Veazie Bank vs. Fenno

1869- Act To Strengthen Public Credit

1869- Act To Admit Virginia

1870- Restoration Of Georgia

1871- Act To Enforce The 14th Amendment

1871- Act To Enforce The 15th Amendment

1872- Act Removing Political Disabilities

1873- Coinage Act

1873- Second Civil Rights Act

1875- Resumption Of Species

1865- Lincoln's Second Inaugural Address

1869- Grant's Inaugural Address

1873- Grant's Second Inaugural Address

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VIII. INDUSTRIAL AGE

This section of the program deals with the transformation of the United States from a largely

rural nation to one in which nearly half of the nation lived in cities. It was a period when the

United States became one of the leading industrial nations on earth. The transformation also

came at a significant social cost. It became the period of the first large scale strikes in American history. From the railroads to the steel mills, striking workers began to become part of the

American landscape.

1. Objective: To learn how the US was transformed from a largely agricultural country into an industrial one.

B. Important Terms:

1. Brand Allison Act

2. Pork Legislation

3. Civil Service

4. Spoils System

5. Pooling

6. Interstate Commerce

7. Anti—trust

8. Suffrage

1. Conservationist

C. History Makers

Edison

Coxey

Sanford Dole

Alexander Graham Bell

D. General Issues for Discussion on Industrialization:

There is a multimedia overview of the this period.

This section also includes a complete presentation on the Chicago Fair of 1892.

This presentation includes over one hundred photographs.

* Finally, this section includes the first video presentation in the program.

The clip, one of Edison’s earliest films (about Ellis Island) is presented.

D. Major Events, Question For Further Discussion and Selected Exercises:

1877... First National Rail Strike

à What caused the first National Rail Strike?

à How did the government react?

... Edison Invents Phonograph

1878... Brand-Allison Act

à Who favored the Brand-Allison Act?

à What were its provisions?

1879... Electric Light Invented

1880... Chinese Treaty Of 1880

à Who favored the Chinese Treaty of 1880?

à What did it accomplish?

1881... President Garfield Assassinated

à Sometimes good things come out of terrible events.

What good came from Garfield’s assassination?

1882... River And Harbor Act

à Who did the River and Harbors Act benefit?

1883... Pendelton Act

à The Pendelton Act Created a Civil Service.

What was the impetus for creating civil servants?

à What was wrong with the current system?

... Modern Navy Created

à Why was 1883 considered the birth of the modern Navy?

... Brooklyn Bridge Completed

... Mongrel Tariff Enacted

1886... Presidential Succession Act

... Haymarket Bomb Blast

à What was the effect of the Haymarket Bombing?

1887... Pension Act

... Commerce Act

EXERCISE: DOCUMENT REVIEW: Have students examine the text of the Commerce Act.

What provisions are called for in the Commerce Act?

... Hatch Act

1889... Oklahoma Land Rush

à Why was there such a rush to settle the Oklahoma Territory?

à Under whose jurisdiction had the Oklahoma Territory been?

... Johnston Flood

1890... Sherman Anti-Trust Act

à Why was the Sherman Anti-Trust Act created?

à What were the provisions of this anti-trust act?

... Womans' Suffrage Groups Merge

à What was the goal of these suffrage groups?

... McKinley Tariff

... Wounded Knee à The Massacre at Wounded Knee was the final battle in the American Indian Wars. Was this end was fitting? Comment.

1891... Yellowstone 1st National Park à Yellowstone Nation Park was the first American Nation Park to open. Who was responsible for bringing this about?1892... Ellis Island Opens à What was the purpose of Ellis Island? ... Steel Strike Crushed à What was the cause of the steel strike? à Why was the state militia called in? ... Great Chicago Fair The Chicago Fair of 1892 was the grandest of fairs. Visit this fair-of-fairs by exploring the program’s movie on the exhibition. This presentation includes over one hundred full screen photographs from the fair.

EXERCISE: Create a fair of your own. Highlight the birth of the industrial age,

the information age, or the transition from there to here.

1893... Revolt In Hawaii à What was the cause of the Hawaiian Revolt? à Why did the US annex Hawaii? ... Panic Of 1893 à Were the causes of the Panic of 1893 any different from the causes of the previous economic crises? ... Repeal Of Silver Act1894... Coxey's Army Marches On Washington

ÃWhat were Coxey's demand?

ÃIn retrospect, were Coxey’s demands particularly radical?

... Pullman Rail Strike

à What were the causes of the Pullman rail strike?

1896... Venezuelan Boundary Dispute

à Why did Great Britain agree to arbitration in the Venezuelan border dispute?

... Separate, But Equal

à What was the decision taken in Plessey vs Ferguson?

à How did the Supreme Court justify the decision?

à What was the effect of the decision?

1897... Dingley Tariff

E. Source Documents From the Industrialization Period:

1877- Electoral Count Act

1878- Brand-Allison Act

1878- Silver Act

1880- Treaty Regulating Chinese Immigration

1882- Chinese Exclusion Act

1883- Civil Service Act

1884- Julliard vs. Greenman

1887- Interstate Commerce Act

1890- Anti-Trust Act

1890- Repeal Of Silver Purchase Act

1896- Plessy vs. Ferguson

1877- Hayes' Inaugural Address

1881- Garfield's Inaugural Address

1885- Cleveland's Inaugural Address

1889- Benjamin Harrison's Inaugural Address

1893- Cleveland's Second Inaugural Address

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IX. WORLD STAGE

This section of the program covers the emergence of the United States on the world stage. It was also the first period of strong Presidential leadership in American history since Abraham Lincoln. Theodore Roosevelt was the first "modern" President. This period also marked the beginning of the Progressive era— an era marked by the first government regulation of business for the benefit of the employees.

A. Objective: To Learn how the transformation of the United States into a World Power effected both the US and the world.

B. Important Terms:

1. Rough Riders

2. Remember the Maine

3. Muckrakers

3. Dollar Diplomacy

4. Great White Fleet

C. History Makers of the Period

1. Wilbur and Orville Wright
2. Henry Ford
3. Upton Sinclair
4. Robert Perry
5. W.E.B. Dubois
6. William Randolph Hearst
7. William McKinley
8. Theodore Roosevelt
9. Howard Taft
10. Woodrow Wilson

D. General Issues for Discussion regarding America’s Entrance on to the World Stage:

¹ What made President Theodore Roosevelt the first "modern" President?

¹ What convinced the government to pass the first child labor laws?

¹ Why did the United States intervene on the side of the Allies in World War I?

There are two multimedia presentations in this section.

The first, presents an overview of the entire period.

The second presents the San Francisco earthquake.

There are also video clip of the San Francisco Earthquake and World War I

E. Major Events, Questions for Discussion and Exercises

1898... War with Spain

à What were the causes of the War with Spain?

à How important was the sinking of the Maine?

à Why was the war so one sided?

1899... Philippine Rebellion

à Why did the Philippine rebel?

1900... Boxer Rebellion

1901... McKinley Assassinated

1903... Henry Ford Produces Model A

... Wright Brothers Fly

EXERCISE: DOCUMENT REVIEW: Read the first-hand account of the Wright Brothers’

first flight.

1903… Panama Canal

à Why was the United States interested in building the Panama Canal?

1904... Roosevelt Corollary

à What was the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine?

à How did the Roosevelt Corollary add to the original Monroe Doctrine?

1905... Russo Japanese War

1906... San Francisco Earthquake

1906… Food and Drugs Receive Federal Control

à Whose actions caused the Federal government to begin to regulate food and drugs?

à What did these new regulations set out to accomplish?

à What was the book "Jungle" about?

1907...Gentlemen’s Agreement

à What was the essence of the Gentleman’s Agreement?

...Great White Fleet Sails

à What was the effect of the trip of the Great White Fleet?

à Why was it called the "Great White Fleet"?

1908... Conservation Commission

1909... Robert Perry Arrives at the North Pole

... Dollar Diplomacy

à What was "Dollar Diplomacy"?

à How does "Dollar Diplomacy" compare to America’s policy in China today?

1910... N.A.A.C.P. Founded

à What was the purpose of the N.A.A.C.P.?

1911... Triangle Fire

... Standard Oil Broken Up

à Why was Standard Oil broken up? Under what law was it done?

1912... Marines Intervene in Nicaragua

à Why did the United States intervene in Nicaragua?

... Lodge Corollary

à What was the Lodge Corollary?

à What would Lodge have said about the purchase of Chrysler by Daimler Benz?

1913... Suffragettes March on Washington

... Senators Elected Directly

à Why was it necessary to pass a constitutional amendment to require direct

elections of Senators?

à What was wrong with having state legislatures elect Senators?

... Underwood Tariff

à What were the two major purposes of tariffs?

à What began to replace tariffs as a source of revenue?

... Federal Reserve Act

à What was the purpose of the Federal Reserve Act?

1914... US Intervenes in Mexico

à Why did the US intervene in Mexico?

... Panama Canal Opened

à What was the effect of the opening of the Panama Canal?

Watch the presentation that explains the building of the canal.

... Clayton Anti-Trust Legislation

à What did the Clayton Anti-Trust Legislation add to existing law?

... World War I Breaks Out

à What was America’s position with the outbreak of the war?

1915... Lusitania Sunk

à What was the effect of the sinking of the Lusitania?

1916... Pershing Leads Expedition in Mexico

à Why did the United States intervene in Mexico in 1916?

... Child Labor Law Passed

... US Troops Intervene in Dominican Republic

1917... US Enters World War I

à Why did the United States enter the war when it did?

1918... US Intervenes in Russia

à Why did the allies intervene in the Russian Civil War?

à Were the stated goals of the United States any different than its actual goals?

1919... Versailles Agreement

à What were the terms of the Versailles Agreement?

••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••X. THE TWENTIES

The Twenties was a short, but unique, period in American history. It was a period dominated in many ways by the prohibition. It was the first period in American History in which the doors closed to immigrants the world over. Finally, the Twenties was a period of Republican Presidents— who in stark contrast to the activist Presidents that preceded them believed in the minimum government intervention in the affairs of the nations.A. Objective: To learn was unique about this period in American History .

B. Important Terms: 1. Volstead Act 2. League of Nations 3. Quota 4. Suffrage C. History Makers:

1. Charles Lindbergh 2. Warren Harding 3. Calvin CoolidgeD. General Issues for Discussion on America in the 1920’s: ¹Why did the Congress vote to limit immigration?

¹ How did women’s suffrage influence American politics?

¹ In what way did Harding and Coolidge differ from their predecessors?

This section of the program includes an overview of the period of the Twenties.

E. Major Events, Questions For Discussion and Exercises:

1920... Prohibition Begun

à What did the supporters of Prohibition hope to accomplish?

EXERCISE: Hold a Town meeting to debate the pros and cons of prohibition.

Allow proponents of each side to develop campaigns to further their cause.

... Participation In League Rejected

à What was the purpose of the League of Nations?

à What was the main reason for opposition to the League?

à Was the fear of opponents justified?

EXERCISE: DOCUMENT REVIEW: Read Senator Borah speech on the League.

Have students summarize his views.

... Woman's Suffrage

à Why did women finally gain the right to vote in 1920?

1921... Immigration Quota

à This act marked the first time that an actual immigration quota was imposed.

However, it was not the first time restrictions were placed on immigration.

Name some earlier attempts at immigration restriction.

... Bureau Of Budget

1922... Washington Naval Convention

à What was the purpose of Washington Naval Conference?

à Was the Washington Naval Conference successful?

... Fordney-McCumber Tariff

à What was the main purpose of raising the tariff under Fordney McCumber bill?

1923... Klu Klux Klan Exposed

à Who were the main targets of the Klu Klux Klan?

à What was the cause of the drop of membership in the Klan?

... Harding Dies In Office

1924... Immigration Receives Further Cut

à What was the effect of the Johnson-Reed Act?

à Why was the Johnson-Reed Act passed?

... Teapot Dome Scandal

à Was the Teapot Dome Scandal an isolated incident?

1927... Television Invented

... Lindbergh Crosses the Atlantic

à What made Charles Lindbergh such an American hero?

1928... Kellogg-Brian Pact

à What was the purpose of the Kellogg Brian Pact?

à Is it possible to outlaw war?

à What did participants hope to accomplish?

EXERCISE: DOCUMENT REVIEW: Have the students read the pact itself.

What were the major provisions?

F. Documents From the period of the Twenties:

1920- Missouri vs. Holland

1920- Volstead Act

1920- Transportation Act

1921- Budget Act

1921- Duplex Printing vs. Deering

1921- Peace Treaty With Germany

1921- Harding's Inaugural Address

1922- War Debt Commission

1922- Naval Limitations Treaty

1923- Wolff Packing Co. vs. Kansas Court Of Industrial Relations

1924- Immigration Act Of 1924

1924- Indian Citizenship

1925- Coolidge's Inaugural Address

1926- Senate Resolution To Adhere To World Court

1926- Myers vs. United States

1928- Kellogg Peace Pact

1928- Hoover's Acceptance Speech

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XI. DEPRESSION/WAR

The Depression /War section of the program covers one of the most tumultuous periods in American and World History. During this period America and the world descended into the deepest economic depression in modern history. In a short period of time over 30% of Americans found themselves unemployed. It was a period of profound despair among many people. Americans elected Franklin Roosevelt as President in response to this despair. The Roosevelt Presidency began with the stirring words "The only Thing We Have to Fear, is Fear Itself". FDR was true to his words. Eventhough he could not cure all the underlying economic causes of the depression, his massive government program managed to alleviate much of the greatest suffering. Franklin Roosevelt’s Presidency spanned most of the Depression and lasted an unprecedented 12 years 2 months. Roosevelt successfully shepherded the United States through World War II, and for better or worse, helped shape the post-war world.

A. Objective: To learn about the Depression, the growth of government under FDR and WWII.

B. Important Terms

1. Neutrality Act

2. Allies

3. Axis

4. Lend Lease

5. TVA

7. Bonus Army

8. Reconstruction Finance Corporation

9. WPA

10. Social Security

11. D-Day

C. History Makers:

2. Dwight Eisenhower

3. Adolph Hitler

4. Harry Hopkins

5. George Marshall

6. Douglas McCarthur

7. Benito Mussolini

8. Chester Nimitz

9. Senator Nye

10. Eleanor Roosevelt

11. Franklin Roosevelt

12. Stalin

D. General Issues For Further Discussion on the Depression and World War II:

¹ What actions did Roosevelt take in his first 100 days in office?

¹ Did the actions of the New Deal solve the problem of the Depression?

¹ Why were the Neutrality Acts Passed?

¹ How did the United States help the allies before entering into World War II?

This section includes a multimedia summary on the depression and WWII periods.

E. Major Events, Questions for Discussion, and Selected Exercises:

1929... Stock Market Crash

à What were the causes of the stock market crash?

à How did the stock market crash facilitate the start of the Great Depression?

1930... Hawley-Smoot Tariff

à Why did supporters of the Hawley Smoot Tariff believe it would help fight

the depression?

à Why did the tariff not work?

... Japan Invades Manchuria

à Why was the Japanese invasion of Manchuria the first step on the road to war?

1932... Reconstruction Finance Corp.

à What was the purpose of the Reconstruction Finance Corp?

à How did Hoover’s actions to fight the depression differ from those of Roosevelt?

à How does the RFC embody the concept of trickle down economics?

... Bonus Army

à What did the Bonus Army want?

à How did Hoover react to the Bonus Army’s March?

... Hitler Comes To Power

1933... New Deal Begun

à What action did Roosevelt take to stem the depression?

à What were the 100 days?

à Were the actions that Roosevelt took effective?

EXERCISE: DOCUMENT REVIEW: Read Roosevelt’s New Deal speech and summarize it.

...Prohibition Repealed

à Why was the prohibition repealed?

...Tennessee Valley Authority Created

à What was the purpose of the TVA?

à Why was it needed?

à Did it succeed?

1935... N.I.R.A. Act Illegal

à Why was the National Industrial Relations Act ruled illegal?

à What was the effect of this decision?

... W.P.A. Created

à What was the WPA?

à What was the WPA supposed to do?

... Social Security Act

à For whom was the Social Security Act targeted?

à Why was the Social Security Act considered radical at the time?

... Neutrality Act Of 1935

... DC-3 Enters Commercial Service

1936... Neutrality Act Of 1936

1937... Neutrality Act Of 1937

à How did the Neutrality Acts of 1936 and 1937 extend US neutrality?

à What were their major provisions?

... President Calls For "Quarantine Of Aggressors" Ã Was Roosevelt in pace with the rest of the United States when he gave his

speech calling for a "quarantine of aggressors"?

... USS Panay Attacked

à What is the background of the attack by the Japanese on the Panay?

1938... Minimum Wage Set

à What is the purpose of a minimum wage?

1939... Hatch Act Passed

à What was the purpose of the Hatch Act?

à What did the Hatch Act accomplish?

EXERCISE: DOCUMENT REVIEW: Read the Hatch Act itself.

How does the Hatch Act effect today’s efforts by the President and the Vice President

to solicit contributions?

... Poland Invaded

... Neutrality Act Of 1939

à Why was the Neutrality Act repealed?

1940... Paris Falls

à What was the effect in the United States of Paris falling?

1941... Four Freedoms

à What were the Four Freedoms that President Roosevelt enunciated?

... Lend-Lease Approved

à What was the idea of the Lend-Lease?

à How important was the Lend-Lease?

... Japan Seizes Indo-China

à What was the American response to the Japanese seizure of Indo-China?

... Mandate To End Federal Discrimination

à This was the first federal act since Reconstruction to fight discrimination.

What took so long?

... Atlantic Charter

à What were the major features of the Atlantic Charter?

... Draft Extended By One Vote

... US Destroyer Attacked

... Pearl Harbor Attacked

... US Declares War On Japan And Germany

1942... Japanese Americans Interned

à Why were Japanese Americans interned?

... Doolittle's Bombers Attack Tokyo

... Battle Of Coral Sea ... Philippines Fall ... Battle Of Midway à Why is the Battle of Midway considered a turning point in the war? ... Invasion Of Guadacanal1943... Casablanca Conference à What was the major decision of the Casablanca Conference? ...Allies Land In Italy ...Teheran Conference à The Teheran Conference was the first conference where the three major allies

leader met. What was decided?

1944...Rome Liberated ...Bretton-Woods Conference ...D-Day ...Dumbarton-Oaks Conference ...Battle Of The Bulge ...Roosevelt Runs For The Fourth Term1945... US Forces Land On Iwo Jima ... US Forces Land On Okinawa ... Yalta Conference à The decisions at the Yalta Conference were very controversial?

à What were the major issues controversies?

Listen to part of the speech from the video?

What strikes you about how Roosevelt looks?

... F.D.R. Dies

... Charter Of UN

à The United States failed to join the League of Nations. Why was the UN different?

... Germans Surrender

... Potsdam Conference

à Where any major agreements reached at the Potsdam Conference?

... Atomic Bomb Dropped

à The decision to drop the Atomic bomb was not controversial in 1945.

Why has the decision become so controversial today?

F. Event Entries Featuring Video Clips:

• Bonus Army
• Japan Invades Manchuria
• Hitler Comes to Power
• Neutrality Act of 1937
• USS Panay Attacked
• Poland Invaded
• Paris Falls
• Four Freedoms Speech
• Lend Lease Approved
• Draft Extended by 1 Vote
• Pearl Harbor Attacked
• Yalta Conference
• FDR Dies
• German Surrender
• Japanese Surrender

G. Source documents From the WW II period:

1933- F.D.R.- First Inaugural

1933- F.D.R.- The Banking Crisis

1933- Tennessee Valley Authority

1933- Emergency Railroad Act

1933- Agriculture Declaration Of Emergency

1933- National Recovery Act

1934- Ashwander vs. Tennessee Valley Authority

1934- Social Security

1934- Home Building

1934- Taylor Act

1935- Grosjean vs. American Press

1935- National Labor Relations Act

1935- Railroad Retirement Board vs. Alton

1936- United States vs. Curtis Wright

1937- Neutrality Act

1937- Herndon vs. Lowry

1937- Helvering vs. Davis

1937- NLRB vs. Jones & Laughlin Steel

1937- West Coast vs. Parrish

1939- Hatch Act

1940- Lend-Lease Act

1941- Four Freedoms

1941- Mitchell vs. United States

1941- War Message

1943- Hirabyshai vs. United States

1945- United Nations Participation

1937- F.D. Roosevelt's 2nd Inaugural Address

1941- Franklin D. Roosevelt's 3rd Inaugural Address

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XII. POST-WAR

The Post-War period in US history is dominated by the Cold War. It was a period in which America dominated the world stage— the only major belligerent in the war not devastated WWII. The United States had two presidents during this period— Harry Truman and Dwight D. Eisenhower. Truman became President upon the death of President Roosevelt and, much to the surprise of many, Truman won re-election. Truman was succeeded by General Eisenhower, the hero of World War II. Eisenhower’s presidency was fundamentally different from that of his predecessors, both in style and substance. The Post-Wat period is also marked by the Korean War, one of the two hot wars fought by the United States during the cold war.

A. Objective: To learn about the Cold War and its effects on the United States.

B. Important Terms:

1. McCarthyism

2. Baruch Plan

3. Nuremberg Trials

4. Truman Doctrine

5. Marshall Plan

6. Taft Hartley

7. Black List

8. H- Bomb

C. History Makers:

1. Bernard Baruch

2. George Marshall

3. Dean Acheson

4. The Rosenbergs

D. General Issues for Discussion on Post War America:

¹ What was the Marshall Plan

¹ Why was the Marshall Plan proposed?

¹ What was the Marshall Plan’s effect?

¹ What was the Truman Doctrine?

¹ Why did the United States intervene in the Korean War?

¹ What impact did Senator Joseph MCCarthy have on American society?

¹ What was the importance of the Supreme Court decision in Brown vs. Board

of Education.

There is a multimedia overview of this period in American history.

D. Major Events, Questions For Discussion and Selected Exercises:

1946... Iron Curtain Descends On Europe

à What events took place in Europe to convince Winston Churchill to give his

Iron Curtain speech?

... Baruch Plan For Atomic Control

à How did the Baruch Plan call for control of atomic weapons?

à Why did the Soviets reject the US proposal?

à How might have history been different if the Baruch Plan had been accepted?

... Nuremberg Trials

à What was unique about the Nuremberg Trials?

1947... Truman Doctrine

à What was the background for the issuance of the Truman Doctrine?

à What did the Doctrine attempt to accomplish?

EXERCISE: DOCUMENT REVIEW: Have students review President Truman’s address to

the Congress. What were the major points that were addressed?

... Marshall Plan

à What events taking place in Europe prompted Secretary of State Marshall to

propose his plan?

à What were the major elements of the Marshall Plan?

EXERCISE: DOCUMENT: Examine Marshall’s speech. What was the condition of Europe

at the time described by the Marshall Plan?

... Taft-Hartley Act

à What did the Taft-Hartley Act accomplish?

... Yaeger Breaks Sound Barrier

... Hollywood Black List

à What was the Black List?

à What does it tell us about America of the time?

1948... US Recognizes Israel

... Berlin Airlift

à Why was there a need to organize an airlift?

à What was the effect of the airlift?

1949... Soviet Detonate A-Bomb

à What was the effect of the Soviets detonating an A- Bomb?

1950... Korean War Begins

à Why did the United States intervene in Korea?

... Truman Announces National Emergency

1951... 22nd Amendment

... US Detonates H-Bomb

... First Electronic Computer

1952... High Court Rules

... Steel Seizure Illegal

à Why did Truman seize the steel mills?

EXERCISE: DOCUMENT REVIEW: Read the Supreme Court Decision.

Why was Truman’s seizure unconstitutional?

... New Immigration Quota

... Goes Into Effect

à Why did Congress want to pass a new immigration quota?

1953... Rosenbergs Executed

... Korean War End

à How did the Korean War end?

... Nautilus Launched

à What was the importance of having atomic powered submarines?

1954... McCarthy Hearings

à What was McCarthyism?

à What stopped Senator McCarthy?

1954… Segregation Illegal?

à What were the conclusions of the case Brown vs. Bd. of Education? à What was the long term impact of the decision? EXERCISE: DOCUMENT REVIEW: Have Students read the actual decision. What were Justice Marshall’s major arguments?

... S.E.A.T.O. Formed à What was SEATO?1955... Geneva Summit à What was the importance of the Geneva Conference?1956... US Condemns: Israel, France and Britain à Why did the US oppose Israeli, France and British action at Suez? ... Soviets Invade Hungary1957... Federal Troops Desegregate Little Rock

à Why did local authorities refuse to desegregate Little Rock High School?

à What law were they defying?

EXERCISE: DOCUMENT REVIEW: Read Eisenhower’s speech about the Little Rock.

What compelled Eisenhower to act?

1958... Marines Go To Lebanon

à What compelled the United States to intervene in Lebanon?

... Explorer I Launched

... 707 Service Begun

1959... St. Lawrence Seaway Opened

à What did building of the St. Lawrence seaway accomplish?

1960... U-2 Downed

à Why did the US fly U-2 spy planes over the Soviet Union?

à What was the effect of the downing of the plane

F. Event Entries Featuring Video Clips

1 . Truman Doctrine

2. Berlin Airlift

3. Soviets Detonate A- Bomb

4. Korean War Begins

5. US Detonates H- Bomb

6. Rosenbergs Executed

7. Korean War Ends

8. McCarthy Hearings

9. Marines Go To Lebanon

10. Explorer I Launched

11. St. Lawrence Seaway Opens

G. Source Documents From the Post-War Period:

1947- Marshall Statement To The Senate

1947- Taft-Hartley Act

1947- Truman Doctrine

1952- Youngstown Sheet & Tube vs. Sawyer

1954- Brown vs. Bd. Of Ed.

1954- United States vs. Lattimore

1957- Civil Right Act

1958- US Troops To Lebanon

1958- President Eisenhower On Little Rock

1958- N.A.A.C.P. vs. Alabama

1949- Truman's Inaugural Address

1953- Eisenhower's Inaugural Address

1957- Eisenhower's 2nd Inaugural Address

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XIII. SIXTIES

The Sixties began with unparalleled hope and expectations. It ended in despair. The Sixties was a period of unparalleled violence in American life. It was an era that saw the assassination of a President, his brother, then a Presidential candidate, a Nobel Prize winning Civil Rights leader and others. It was a period when violence on campuses seemed to become the norm. From 1964 on America became dominated by the Vietnam War, often the catalyst for much dissension. Yet, in other arenas the 60’s was a period of great accomplishment. African Americans received full legal rights during this decade. It was a time when the modern women’s liberation was born, with the printing of the "Feminine Mystique". The decade closes with the resignation of President Nixon in the aftermath of the Watergate scandal.

One of the most in-depth ways of learning about the Sixties is to use MultiEducator’s CD entitled: "The Sixties: America 1960-1970". This multimedia title includes presentations on all the major issues, videos, as well as special sections on the Space Race, the Vietnam War and Society and Culture.

1. Objectives: To learn what was special about the Sixties. To understand the civil rights movement and learn about the War in Vietnam.

B. Important Terms:

C. History Makers:

1. Martin Luther King

2. Dean Rusk

3. Robert Mcnamara

4. Robert Kennedy

5. John F. Kennedy

6. Khruschev

7. Richard Nixon

8. Spiro Agnew

9. Gloria Stienam

10. John Glenn

11. Neil Armstrong

12. Thurgood Marshall

D. General Issues For Further Issues for Discussion:

1. What fundamental changes occurred in the United States during the decade of The Sixties?

2. What was the importance of the March on Washington?

3. How important was the Tonkin Gulf Agreement?

4. Why was the Tet offensive such a turning point in the war?

5. What long term impact did Watergate have on American politics?

There is a multimedia overview of the whole period.

E. Major Events, Questions For Discussion, and Selected Exercises:

1961... Kennedy Inaugurated

à What was special about the Kennedy Inaugural?

... Bay Of Pigs

à Why did the United States support of the Bay of Pigs Invasion?

... Summit In Vienna

à Why was Kennedy so disturbed by his meeting with Khruschev?

... Berlin Crisis

à The building of the Berlin Wall ended the Berlin Crisis.

What did the wall accomplish and why was it built?

1962... First American In Space

... Steel Prices Rolled Back

à How did President Kennedy convince the steel companies to roll back their

steel prices?

... US Troops Sent To Vietnam

à How did the United States become involved in the Vietnam War?

... Cuban Missile Crisis

à What were the causes of the Cuban Missile Crisis?

à How did the United States respond to the crisis?

à Why is President Kennedy’s handling of the crisis considered so successful?

1963... Nuclear Test Ban Treaty

à What was the impetus for the agreement on the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty?

EXERCISE: DOCUMENT REVIEW: Read the text of the treaty.

What were the terms of the agreement?

... March On Washington

à Why was the March on Washington held?

à Why is Martin Luther King’s speech so memorable?

à How does this famous speech resonate today?

... President Kennedy Assassinated

à The Assassination of President Kennedy had a profound impact on America

like no other event. Why?

1964... Civil Rights Act

à What did the Civil Rights act of 1964 accomplish?

... Tonkin Gulf Resolution

à The Tonkin Gulf Resolution was the only legal justification ever provided for the

US involvement in Vietnam. Explain.

... American Intervention In Dominican Republic

à Why did the United States intervene in the Dominican Republic?

1965... Voting Rights

à What were the provisions of the Voting Rights Act?

... Riots In Watts

à What were the immediate cause of the Watts riot?

EXERCISE: DOCUMENT REVIEW: Read President Johnson’s statement on Watts riot.

What was his view of the causes of the riots?

... Immigration Act Of 1965

à What was the major change in immigration under the Act of 1965?

1967... Glasboro Summit

1968... Tet Offensive

... Johnson Will Not Run

à Why did President Johnson decide not to run again?

... Martin Luther King, Jr. Assassinated

... Robert Kennedy Killed Violence Mars Democratic Conv.

à In a period of two months both Martin Luther King Jr. and Robert Kennedy were assassinated. America would never be the same. Comment.1968… Violence Mars Democratic Convention à What was the underlying cause of violence at the Democratic Convention?

1969... Landing On The Moon

à In July 1969 the United States reached its goal of landing a man on the moon.

1970... Four Killed At Kent State

à Why did President Nixon order the invasion of Cambodia?

... Wage Price Controls Enacted

1972... Nixon Visits China

à What was the major effect of Nixon’s visit to China?

... S.A.L.T. Agreement

à What were the major provisions of the SALT agreement?

1973... US Role In Vietnam War Ended

... War Powers Act

à Why was the War Powers Act imposed?

à What were its major provisions?

... Middle East Crisis

... Vice President Agnew Resigns

à Why did Vice President Agnew resign?

... Gerald Ford Becomes Vice President

... Watergate

1974... Nixon Resigns

à What was the original crime in the Watergate case?

... Nixon Granted Clemency

à Was the decision to grant Nixon clemency right?

E. Event Entries Featuring Video Clip Selections:

1. Kennedy Inauguration
2. Bay of Pigs
3. Summit in Vienna
4. Steel Prices
5. Cuban Missile Crisis
6. March on Washington
7. President Kennedy Assassinated
8. Tonkin Gulf Resolution
9. Landing on the Moon
10. Nixon Resigns

F. Source Documents From the Period of the Sixties:

1961- Kennedy Inaugural Speech

1962- Cuban Missile Crisis

1962- Kennedy's Attack On The Steel Companies

1962- Baker vs. Carr

1963- Kennedy's Address On The Nuclear Test Ban Treaty

1965- Johnson's Statement On The Watts Riots

1966- Escobedo vs. Illinois

1966- Miranda vs. Arizona

1968- Johnson's Address On North Korea

1968- Johnson's Address On Vietnam

1968- Johnson's Address In Memory of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.

1969- Nixon's Inaugural Address

1971- New York Times vs. United States— Pentagon Papers

1971- Lemon vs. Kurtzman

1971- Nixon's Second Inaugural Address

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XIV. TODAY

This period begins with the Presidency of Gerald Ford. It covers the Carter, Reagan and Bush Presidencies. This section ends with American involvement in Bosnia.

A. Objectives: To learn about the changing role of the United States after the Vietnam War. To examine (with as much objectivity as possible after such a short time) the events of the last two decades.

B. Important Terms:

1. Camp David

2. Three Mile Island

3. Reagonomics

4. Tax Reform

5. Defense Buildup

C. History Makers:

1. Jimmy Carter

2. Ronald Reagan

3. George Bush

4. Colin Powell

D. Major Events, Questions For Discussion, and Selected Exercises:

1974... Soyuz-Apollo

à The Soyuz Apollo mission represented the end of the space race and the beginning

of cooperation between the United States and the Soviet Union. Why did this happen?

1975... Helsinki Accords

à Why did the Soviets agree to the Helsinki accords?

à Who gains what from the accords?

... NY Saved From Bankruptcy

1976... Apple II Introduced

1977... US Gives Up Panama Canal

à Why did the United States agree to give up the Panama Canal?

1979... Camp David Peace Accords

... Trade Agreement

... Three Mile Island

à What was the long term impact of the Three Mile Island accident?

... Salt II Agreement

à What were the terms of the Salt II Agreement?

1980... Iran Seizes US Hostages

à Why was the Shah of Iran overthrown?

à Why were the US hostages seized?

à What effect did the Iranian hostage crisis have on the Carter Presidency?

... Soviets Invade Afghanistan

à What was unique about the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan?

1981... President Reagan Fires Air Traffic Controllers

ÃWhat was the effect of Reagan's actions on organized labor?

... Assassination Attempt On President Reagan

... First Woman To The Supreme Court

... $180 Billion Arms Buildup

ÃAt the time Reagan's arms buildup was very controversial.

What has been the verdict of history?

1983... Bomb Rips US Compound in Beirut

à Why were US troops in Beirut?

à Who bombed them? And why?

... US Troops Land In Grenada

à Why did the US intervene in Grenada?

1985... US Becomes A Debtor Nation

... Reagan Tax Reform

ÃWhat were the essential elements of Reagan's tax reform program?

à To this day there is disagreement on the effects of the tax program.

Democrats today blame it for the ensuing budget deficits? Republicans claim that

Reagan’s program initiated and created today’s booming American economy.

Who is right?

1986... Shuttle Challenger Explodes

... US Responds To Libyan Terror

... Iran Contra Deal Unearthed

à What was the essence of the Iran- Contra Affair?

à Why were the major actions considered illegal?

1988... I.N.F. Treaty Signed

à What were the major terms of the INF treaty?

à What is its historic importance?

1989... US Seizes Panamanian Leader

à Did the US have the right to seize the Panamanian leader? Why or why not?

1990... Coalition Frees Kuwait

à Why was it important to go to war over Kuwait?

1993... PLO-Israel Agreement

1994... Republicans Take Control Of Congress

1996... US Troops to Bosnia

TIMELINES & ADDITIONAL RESOURCES

A. AFRICAN—AMERICANS

This section contain entries on the major events in African American History.

There is a multimedia overview for this section.

The following events are covered:

1619- First Blacks Arrive In Jamestown

1619 First Blacks Arrive in Jamestown

1638- First Slaves Arrive In Massachusetts

1664- Black White Marriage Outlawed

1688- Quakers Oppose Slavery

1712- First Slave Revolt

1770- Black Killed In Boston Massacre

1773- First Black Church Founded

1775- Society Of Abolition Of Slavery Established

1776- Blacks And The Revolutionary War

1777- Vermont Abolishes Slavery

1787- Northwest Ordinance

1793- First Fugitive Slave Law

1793- Cotton Gin

1800- Slave Uprising Near Richmond

1807- Slave Importation Banned

1820- Missouri Compromise

1821- Liberia Founded

1829- Walker's Appeal

1831- First Negro Convention

1831- "Liberator" Published

1831- Nat Turner Rebellion

1839- Slave Revolt Aboard Ship

1843- Call For Revolt

1847- Douglass Publishes"North Star"

1849- Harriet Taubman Escapes

1850- Compromise of 1850

1852- Uncle Tom's Cabin Published

1857- Dredd Scott Decision

1859- John Brown's Raid

1860- Lincoln Elected

1862- Blacks Enlist In Union Army

1863- Emancipation Decree

1863- Draft Riots In New York

1865- Thirteenth Amendment Ratified

1867- Howard University Founded

1867- Freedman Bureau Created

1870- First Black Senator

1875- Civil Rights Bill Passed

1877- Reconstruction Ended

1877- First Black Graduates From West Point

1881- Tuskegee Institute Founded

1883- Civil Rights Act Unconstitutional

1890- Blacks Excluded From Southern Politics

1896- Segregation Legal

1898- Blacks Serve In Spanish-American War

1904- Booker T. Washington Black Leader

1904- Niagra Movement Begun

1908- N.A.A.C.P. Founded

1917- Great Migration Begins

1917- Race Riots In Illinois

1917- Blacks And World War I

1920- Universal Negro Improvement Association Meets

1925- Brotherhood Of Rail Porters

1931- Scottsboro Trial

1936- Jesse Owens Wins Four Gold Medals

1936- N.A.A.C.P. Sues For Equal Pay

1940- First Black General

1941- FDR Forbids Discrimination

1942- First Black Air Cadets

1943- Race Riots In Harlem

1944- Adam Clayton Powell Elected to Congress

1944- All White Primary Illegal

1946- Truman Appoints Panel

1947- Jackie Robinson Becomes the First Black Major Leaguer

1948- Military Desegregated

1950- Ralphe Bunche Awarded Nobel Prize

1953- Washington's Restaurants Desegregated

1954- School Desegregation Ordered

1955- Bus Boycott Begins

1957- Voting Act Of 1957

1960- Widespread Protest Throughout The South

1961- Freedom Riders

1962- James Meridith Enters Univ. Of Mississippi

1963- March On Washington

1964- Rioting In US Cities

1964- Civil Rights Workers Slain

1964- King Receives Nobel Prize

1964- Selma To Montgomery March

1965-Malcolm X Assassinated

1965- Los Angeles Riots

1966- James Meridith Shot

1967- First Black Senator Since Reconstruction

1967- First Black Supreme Court Justice

1968- Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Assassinated

1974- Samuel Gravely Became The First Black Admiral Of The US Navy

1976- Tom Bradely Mayor Of LA

1977- Young Ambassador To U.N.

1984- Jesse Jackson Runs For President

1987- Powell Security Advisor To President

1989- Powell Chairmen Of Joint Chiefs Of Staff

B. NATIVE AMERICANS

The section of the program presents the major events in Native American history.

In addition, there is a multimedia overview of the history of Native Americans.

The following events are covered:

1520- Aztec Empire Falls

1607- English Land At Jamestown

1613- Pocahontas Captured

1616-1620— Small Pox Epidemic

1618- Warfare Between Indians and Jamestown Settlers

1636-37- Pequot War

1644-46— Second Virginia War

1649-1700— Iroquis Expansion Wars

1675-76— King Phillips War

1680-91— Pueblo Revolt

1711-1722— Tuscarora War

1754-63— French And Indian Wars

1763- British Declare Land West Of Appalachians Indians

1776-1783— War Of Independence

1787— Northwest Ordinance

1793-94— Battle In Northwest

1811- Battle Tippecanoe

1813-14— Creek War

1830- Indian Removal

1833- Second Seminole War

1838- Trails Of Tears

1846- US Receives Southwest From Mexico

1862- Sioux Uprising

1868- Treaty Of Larmie

1871- Indians To Reservation

1875- Little Big Horn

1881- "Century Of Dishonor" Published

1886- Geronimo

1890- Wounded Knee

1902- Lone Wolfe vs. Hitchock

1924- Indians Granted Citizenship

1934- Roosevelt Administration Aids Indians

1953- Congress Passes Termination Act

1962- Termination Ends

1960's To Present

C. WOMEN

The Women section cover the major events in American Women history. There is a multimedia overview of American Women History as well.

The following events are covered:

1634- Ann Hutchison Protests

1777- Mary Ludwig Hays, A Hero

1847- Maria Mitchell Discovers A Comet

1849- Elizabeth Blackwell Earns Medical Degree

1850- First National Women' Convention Held

1865- 25% Of Teachers- Women

1868- First Woman's Suffrage Bill Introduced

1874- Minor vs. Happersett

1881- Clara Barton Founds Red Cross

1923- First Woman Representative

1928- Women' International League Supports Kellogg-Briand

1931- Hattie Caraway Elected To Senate

1933- Francis Perkins- Secretary Of Labor

1941-45— Woman Fulfill Key Roles In Economy

1941-45— Woman Fulfill Key Non-Combat Roles In Military

1948— Margaret Chase Smith Elected to Senate

1955— Rosa Parks Sparks Protests In South

1963- Equal Pay Amendment Passed

1963- Betty Friedan Writes "Feminine Mystique"

1965- Griswold vs. Connecticut

1966- National Organization Of Woman Launched

1972- Equal Rights Amendment Passed

1973- Roe vs. Wade

1976- Woman Admitted To Military Academy

1978- Pregnancy Discrimination Act Passed

1981- Sandra Day O' Connor To Supreme Court

1982- Equal Rights Amendment Fails Ratification

1983- Sally Ride to Space

1984- Geraldine Ferraro Nominated For Vice President

1993- Janet Reno Attorney General

D. THE PRESIDENTS

The President section includes photos and information on each of the Presidents of the United States. Each entry includes information on before the Presidency, the Presidency itself. It includes the member of the Presidents cabinet, any military action as well as trivia about the President. Each president also includes a speech by the President. There early once read by actors that later ones original recordings. There are links to the election section, the first lady section and finally there are links to the major events that took place during the Presidency.

E. FIRST LADIES

The first ladies section provides all the basic information about the various first Ladies of the United States. By selecting the more button, additional biographical data on the first ladies.

F. HOW THE US GREW

This section of the program provides basic information on each of the states of the Union. They are organized both alphabetically and as the states enter the union. This section is accessible either from a separate entry from the main screen or from the individual section screens. Each section contains the states that enter the Union and you can access the states from there. Each state has the vital information on the state, including the state capital, flag flower, as well as a map of the state.

G. STATISTICS

The Statistics section contains important statistics on American History.

Information covered includes:

A decade-by-decade presentation on:

à US population

à Land Area

à Budget

à Imports

à Exports

à Size of armed forces

à Urban and Rural breakdown.

There are also charts that depict:

à Armed forces of the US

à Cities by Size

à Employment by Thousands

à Foreign Trade Balance

à Homicides

à Land Area of the US

à Prisoners in the US

à Population

à Population in the Colonies

à School Enrollment

H. IMMIGRATION

This section contains a multimedia overview that summarized immigration history of the United States. There are also a series of charts that depict immigration both by years and by countries.

I. THE DOCUMENTS SECTION

The document section contains over 500 documents in American history. They can be accessed in three ways. From the document section they can be accessed either by period or alphabetically. In addition many of the key documents can be accessed directly from the event that are depicted.